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《5 Renewable Energy Sources that are going to impact the Building Industry in the Future》

In a time when the entire world is debating on climate change issues, which became even more and more obvious that we cannot ignore anymore, and which is basically caused by our abusive use of fossil fuels and energies, the use of renewable energy sources has now become relevant.

在整个世界都在讨论气候变化问题的时候，这个问题变得越来越明显，我们不能再忽视了，这基本上是由我们滥用化石燃料和能源造成的，使用可再生能源现在变得重要起来。

One of the certainties of the 21st century is that architecture and building design will play a decisive role in envisioning new energy options and alternatives through the innovative use of renewable energy sources that are going to impact the building industry in the future.

21世纪可以肯定的是，建筑和建筑设计将在设想新的能源选择和替代方案方面发挥决定性作用，通过创新地使用可再生能源，这将影响未来的建筑行业。

Here we enumerate the 5 most important renewable energy sources along with some examples that showcase how they’re used in building design.

在这里，我们列举了5种最重要的可再生能源，以及一些展示它们如何在建筑设计中使用的例子。

1. Solar Energy

Solar power is generated from sunlight, which is converted into electricity through solar photovoltaic panels. It is on top of the list of renewable energy sources, as it is sustainable, safe, reliable, and clean. It is also one of the easiest and cheapest renewable sources of energy to install in your home. For now, solar technologies in the form of photovoltaics and thermal collectors are available at competitive prices. However, their use has not been to the expectation especially in the building sector to replace the use of fossil fuels.

太阳能是由阳光产生的，阳光通过太阳能光伏板转化为电能。它是可再生能源的首选，因为它具有可持续、安全、可靠和清洁的特点。它也是安装在家中最简单、最便宜的可再生能源之一。目前，太阳能技术在光伏和热收集器的形式是有竞争力的价格。然而，它们的使用并没有达到预期，特别是在建筑部门取代化石燃料的使用。

The main reason for these technologies not being popular in building integration is the lack of good architectural quality rendered not meeting desired design considerations. The good news is that architects are exploring new innovative approaches in terms of design and implementation in order to match the modern technological components to the scale, proportion, material, color scheme, and balance of buildings. 

这些技术在建筑集成中不流行的主要原因是缺乏良好的体系结构质量，无法满足期望的设计考虑。好消息是，建筑师们在设计和实施方面正在探索新的创新方法，以便将现代技术组件与建筑的规模、比例、材料、配色方案和平衡相匹配。

How much is a kWh of electricity cost when you use solar energy? The cost of a kilowatt-hour (kWh) of electricity generated from solar energy can vary depending on several factors, such as the location, size of the solar panel system, and local utility rates. On average, the cost of solar-generated electricity ranges from $0.08 to $0.20 per kWh.

当你使用太阳能时，每千瓦时的电费是多少?每千瓦时(kWh)太阳能发电的成本取决于几个因素，如地点、太阳能电池板系统的大小和当地公用事业费率。平均而言，太阳能发电的成本从每千瓦时0.08美元到0.20美元不等。

2. Wind

Wind power is generated from atmospheric, temperature, and pressure changes that force the movement of air. Wind power is safe, reliable, and clean, with no greenhouse gases emitted during the generation of electricity. Today, the use of wind energy is becoming one of the most developed areas of alternative energy.

风能是由大气、温度和压力的变化产生的，这些变化迫使空气运动。风力发电安全、可靠、清洁，在发电过程中不排放温室气体。今天，风能的利用正在成为替代能源最发达的领域之一。

Throughout Europe, there are wind power plants, but they are not able to fully provide the population and the city all the necessary energy. This raises the question about the possibility of implementing wind turbines on buildings, as engineering support each home, thus providing the necessary energy to the population of cities, using an only renewable energy source. It is becoming a cost-effective source of renewable energy, with one wind turbine generating enough electricity to power a house.

整个欧洲都有风力发电厂，但它们不能完全为人口和城市提供所有必要的能源。这就提出了一个问题，即在建筑物上安装风力涡轮机的可能性，因为工程支持每个家庭，从而使用唯一的可再生能源为城市人口提供必要的能源。它正在成为一种具有成本效益的可再生能源，一个风力涡轮机产生的电力足以为一所房子供电。

Another utility of wind in building design is to use it for natural ventilation and temperature regulation. Nothing is more rational than using the wind, a natural, free, renewable, and healthy resource, to improve the thermal comfort of a project. 

风在建筑设计中的另一个用途是利用它进行自然通风和温度调节。没有什么比利用风这种自然、免费、可再生、健康的资源来提高项目的热舒适性更合理的了。

The awareness of the finiteness of the resources and the demand for the reduction in energy consumption has removed air-conditioning systems as the protagonist of any project and many architects and engineers are turning to this passive system to improve the thermal comfort in their interiors. 

由于人们意识到资源的有限性和减少能源消耗的需求，空调系统不再是任何项目的主角，许多建筑师和工程师正在转向这种被动式系统，以提高室内的热舒适性。

New methods are being explored in terms of using the air in buildings design, but also ancient and traditional methods are being revisited, like Wind towers for example, which a traditional Iranian architectural element that creates natural ventilation by catching the wind from above and directing it down to ground level. 

人们正在探索在建筑设计中使用空气的新方法，但也正在重新审视古老和传统的方法，例如风塔，这是一种传统的伊朗建筑元素，通过捕捉来自上方的风并将其引导到地面来创造自然通风。

This method was adopted in the very famous Masdar City in Abu Dhabi to ventilate all the narrow streets in the city and manages to cool the streets up to 5 degrees Celsius.

阿布扎比著名的马斯达尔城(Masdar City)采用了这种方法，使城市中所有狭窄的街道通风，并设法使街道降温至5摄氏度。

3. Hydropower

Hydropower is the power derived from the kinetic energy of falling or flowing water. It can be generated from streams, lakes, and rivers or man-made structures such as dams, lagoons, and reservoirs. It relies on water, which is a clean and renewable source of energy. 

水力发电是由下降或流动的水的动能产生的动力。它可以从溪流、湖泊、河流或水坝、泻湖和水库等人造建筑中产生。它依赖于水，这是一种清洁的可再生能源。

The water that has been used to generate electricity is naturally recycled by the ‘water cycle’ through which water evaporates, forming clouds that then rain on the Earth, restarting the cycle. This technology is well-proven and reliable, there is little use of fuel in the generation, and so emissions are very low.

用来发电的水被“水循环”自然回收，通过水循环，水蒸发，形成云，然后在地球上下雨，重新开始这个循环。这项技术经过了充分的验证和可靠，在发电过程中几乎不使用燃料，因此排放非常低。

Hydropower is directly attached to water sources, which made it a little challenging to integrate into building design and projects that are not power plants, Thus architects started recently tackling these issues while looking for solutions to introduce this types of renewable energy in urban areas depending on the availability of water sources.

水电直接与水源相连，这使得将其整合到非发电厂的建筑设计和项目中有点挑战，因此建筑师最近开始解决这些问题，同时寻找解决方案，根据水源的可用性在城市地区引入这种类型的可再生能源。

One of the most interesting projects that took the concept of hydro energy to a whole new level is the Hydroelectric Power Station in Kempten Germany by Becker Architects. As it lies on the left bank of the Iller River Kempten in the Allgaeu, a medieval place, at the foothills of the Alps; the new, highly efficient hydroelectric power station now supports approximately 3,000 households with 10.5 million kilowatts/hours of environmentally friendly power per year.

贝克尔建筑事务所在德国肯普滕设计的水电站是将水能概念提升到一个全新水平的最有趣的项目之一。因为它位于埃勒河的左岸，在阿尔加乌，一个中世纪的地方，在阿尔卑斯山的山脚下;这个新的高效水电站现在每年为大约3000户家庭提供1050万千瓦/小时的环保电力。

4. Geothermal power

It is clean, renewable, and popular because it can be harnessed from almost anywhere in the world to produce heat and electricity.  Historically recognized as hot springs, geothermal energy is commonly used today for residential heating and cooling, and electricity generation.  

它是清洁的、可再生的，而且很受欢迎，因为它可以在世界上几乎任何地方利用，产生热量和电力。地热能在历史上被认为是温泉，今天通常用于住宅供暖和制冷以及发电。

Although geothermal is not the most widely used source of energy, it is by far one of the most efficient and sustainable systems today and many recent and near-future projects are now integrating this solution into their designs. Iceland is considered a leader in geothermal energy as its facilities generate 25% of the county’s total energy production!

虽然地热并不是最广泛使用的能源，但它是目前最有效和最可持续的系统之一，许多最近和不久的将来的项目正在将这种解决方案整合到他们的设计中。冰岛被认为是地热能源的领导者，因为它的设施产生了全国总能源生产的25% !

5. Bioenergy

Bioenergy continues to be one of the most promising yet under-utilized opportunities for green buildings today, and it should be given serious consideration as a practical, renewable, and affordable energy source for green buildings. Furthermore, bioenergy fuel and equipment are produced locally, providing economic benefit to the community in addition to regional ecological value. 

生物能源仍然是当今绿色建筑中最有前途但尚未充分利用的机会之一，它应该被认真考虑作为一种实用的、可再生的和负担得起的绿色建筑能源。此外，生物能源燃料和设备在当地生产，除了区域生态价值外，还为社区提供经济效益。

Biomass is the organic material that comes from plants and animals, and it is a renewable source of energy. Biomass contains stored energy from the sun. When biomass is burned, the chemical energy in biomass is released as heat. It can be burned directly or converted to liquid biofuels or biogas that can be burned as fuels.

生物质是来自植物和动物的有机物质，是一种可再生能源。生物质能包含从太阳储存的能量。当生物质燃烧时，生物质中的化学能以热的形式释放出来。它可以直接燃烧或转化为可作为燃料燃烧的液体生物燃料或沼气。

Villa F by Christoph Hesse Architects in Korbach Germany is the very promising prototype of how bioenergy can be invested in creating a self sufficiently powered community. Besides supporting the use of renewable energies, the project aims to strengthen the local economy. With time all the houses in the village were connected to this model solution of villa F and got benefited as energy operating costs were significantly reduced. 

由Christoph Hesse建筑事务所设计的德国科尔巴赫别墅F是一个非常有前途的原型，它展示了如何投资生物能源来创建一个自给自足的社区。除了支持使用可再生能源外，该项目还旨在加强当地经济。随着时间的推移，村里所有的房子都连接到别墅F的模型解决方案中，并因能源运营成本的显著降低而受益。

The concept to set up self-powered communities was developed through concerned citizens’ initiatives. Through community participation, economic inequality could be regularized providing more affordable housing.

建立自给自足社区的概念是通过有关公民的倡议发展起来的。通过社区参与，经济不平等可以正常化，提供更多负担得起的住房。

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《5 Renewable Energy Sources that are going to impact the Building Industry in the Future》

In a time when the entire world is debating on climate change issues, which became even more and more obvious that we cannot ignore anymore, and which is basically caused by our abusive use of fossil fuels and energies, the use of renewable energy sources has now become relevant.

在整个世界都在讨论气候变化问题的时候，这个问题变得越来越明显，我们不能再忽视了，这基本上是由我们滥用化石燃料和能源造成的，使用可再生能源现在变得重要起来。

One of the certainties of the 21st century is that architecture and building design will play a decisive role in envisioning new energy options and alternatives through the innovative use of renewable energy sources that are going to impact the building industry in the future.

21世纪可以肯定的是，建筑和建筑设计将在设想新的能源选择和替代方案方面发挥决定性作用，通过创新地使用可再生能源，这将影响未来的建筑行业。

Here we enumerate the 5 most important renewable energy sources along with some examples that showcase how they’re used in building design.

在这里，我们列举了5种最重要的可再生能源，以及一些展示它们如何在建筑设计中使用的例子。

1. Solar Energy

Solar power is generated from sunlight, which is converted into electricity through solar photovoltaic panels. It is on top of the list of renewable energy sources, as it is sustainable, safe, reliable, and clean. It is also one of the easiest and cheapest renewable sources of energy to install in your home. For now, solar technologies in the form of photovoltaics and thermal collectors are available at competitive prices. However, their use has not been to the expectation especially in the building sector to replace the use of fossil fuels.

太阳能是由阳光产生的，阳光通过太阳能光伏板转化为电能。它是可再生能源的首选，因为它具有可持续、安全、可靠和清洁的特点。它也是安装在家中最简单、最便宜的可再生能源之一。目前，太阳能技术在光伏和热收集器的形式是有竞争力的价格。然而，它们的使用并没有达到预期，特别是在建筑部门取代化石燃料的使用。

The main reason for these technologies not being popular in building integration is the lack of good architectural quality rendered not meeting desired design considerations. The good news is that architects are exploring new innovative approaches in terms of design and implementation in order to match the modern technological components to the scale, proportion, material, color scheme, and balance of buildings. 

这些技术在建筑集成中不流行的主要原因是缺乏良好的体系结构质量，无法满足期望的设计考虑。好消息是，建筑师们在设计和实施方面正在探索新的创新方法，以便将现代技术组件与建筑的规模、比例、材料、配色方案和平衡相匹配。

How much is a kWh of electricity cost when you use solar energy? The cost of a kilowatt-hour (kWh) of electricity generated from solar energy can vary depending on several factors, such as the location, size of the solar panel system, and local utility rates. On average, the cost of solar-generated electricity ranges from $0.08 to $0.20 per kWh.

当你使用太阳能时，每千瓦时的电费是多少?每千瓦时(kWh)太阳能发电的成本取决于几个因素，如地点、太阳能电池板系统的大小和当地公用事业费率。平均而言，太阳能发电的成本从每千瓦时0.08美元到0.20美元不等。

2. Wind

Wind power is generated from atmospheric, temperature, and pressure changes that force the movement of air. Wind power is safe, reliable, and clean, with no greenhouse gases emitted during the generation of electricity. Today, the use of wind energy is becoming one of the most developed areas of alternative energy.

风能是由大气、温度和压力的变化产生的，这些变化迫使空气运动。风力发电安全、可靠、清洁，在发电过程中不排放温室气体。今天，风能的利用正在成为替代能源最发达的领域之一。

Throughout Europe, there are wind power plants, but they are not able to fully provide the population and the city all the necessary energy. This raises the question about the possibility of implementing wind turbines on buildings, as engineering support each home, thus providing the necessary energy to the population of cities, using an only renewable energy source. It is becoming a cost-effective source of renewable energy, with one wind turbine generating enough electricity to power a house.

整个欧洲都有风力发电厂，但它们不能完全为人口和城市提供所有必要的能源。这就提出了一个问题，即在建筑物上安装风力涡轮机的可能性，因为工程支持每个家庭，从而使用唯一的可再生能源为城市人口提供必要的能源。它正在成为一种具有成本效益的可再生能源，一个风力涡轮机产生的电力足以为一所房子供电。

Another utility of wind in building design is to use it for natural ventilation and temperature regulation. Nothing is more rational than using the wind, a natural, free, renewable, and healthy resource, to improve the thermal comfort of a project. 

风在建筑设计中的另一个用途是利用它进行自然通风和温度调节。没有什么比利用风这种自然、免费、可再生、健康的资源来提高项目的热舒适性更合理的了。

The awareness of the finiteness of the resources and the demand for the reduction in energy consumption has removed air-conditioning systems as the protagonist of any project and many architects and engineers are turning to this passive system to improve the thermal comfort in their interiors. 

由于人们意识到资源的有限性和减少能源消耗的需求，空调系统不再是任何项目的主角，许多建筑师和工程师正在转向这种被动式系统，以提高室内的热舒适性。

New methods are being explored in terms of using the air in buildings design, but also ancient and traditional methods are being revisited, like Wind towers for example, which a traditional Iranian architectural element that creates natural ventilation by catching the wind from above and directing it down to ground level. 

人们正在探索在建筑设计中使用空气的新方法，但也正在重新审视古老和传统的方法，例如风塔，这是一种传统的伊朗建筑元素，通过捕捉来自上方的风并将其引导到地面来创造自然通风。

This method was adopted in the very famous Masdar City in Abu Dhabi to ventilate all the narrow streets in the city and manages to cool the streets up to 5 degrees Celsius.

阿布扎比著名的马斯达尔城(Masdar City)采用了这种方法，使城市中所有狭窄的街道通风，并设法使街道降温至5摄氏度。

3. Hydropower

Hydropower is the power derived from the kinetic energy of falling or flowing water. It can be generated from streams, lakes, and rivers or man-made structures such as dams, lagoons, and reservoirs. It relies on water, which is a clean and renewable source of energy. 

水力发电是由下降或流动的水的动能产生的动力。它可以从溪流、湖泊、河流或水坝、泻湖和水库等人造建筑中产生。它依赖于水，这是一种清洁的可再生能源。

The water that has been used to generate electricity is naturally recycled by the ‘water cycle’ through which water evaporates, forming clouds that then rain on the Earth, restarting the cycle. This technology is well-proven and reliable, there is little use of fuel in the generation, and so emissions are very low.

用来发电的水被“水循环”自然回收，通过水循环，水蒸发，形成云，然后在地球上下雨，重新开始这个循环。这项技术经过了充分的验证和可靠，在发电过程中几乎不使用燃料，因此排放非常低。

Hydropower is directly attached to water sources, which made it a little challenging to integrate into building design and projects that are not power plants, Thus architects started recently tackling these issues while looking for solutions to introduce this types of renewable energy in urban areas depending on the availability of water sources.

水电直接与水源相连，这使得将其整合到非发电厂的建筑设计和项目中有点挑战，因此建筑师最近开始解决这些问题，同时寻找解决方案，根据水源的可用性在城市地区引入这种类型的可再生能源。

One of the most interesting projects that took the concept of hydro energy to a whole new level is the Hydroelectric Power Station in Kempten Germany by Becker Architects. As it lies on the left bank of the Iller River Kempten in the Allgaeu, a medieval place, at the foothills of the Alps; the new, highly efficient hydroelectric power station now supports approximately 3,000 households with 10.5 million kilowatts/hours of environmentally friendly power per year.

贝克尔建筑事务所在德国肯普滕设计的水电站是将水能概念提升到一个全新水平的最有趣的项目之一。因为它位于埃勒河的左岸，在阿尔加乌，一个中世纪的地方，在阿尔卑斯山的山脚下;这个新的高效水电站现在每年为大约3000户家庭提供1050万千瓦/小时的环保电力。

4. Geothermal power

It is clean, renewable, and popular because it can be harnessed from almost anywhere in the world to produce heat and electricity.  Historically recognized as hot springs, geothermal energy is commonly used today for residential heating and cooling, and electricity generation.  

它是清洁的、可再生的，而且很受欢迎，因为它可以在世界上几乎任何地方利用，产生热量和电力。地热能在历史上被认为是温泉，今天通常用于住宅供暖和制冷以及发电。

Although geothermal is not the most widely used source of energy, it is by far one of the most efficient and sustainable systems today and many recent and near-future projects are now integrating this solution into their designs. Iceland is considered a leader in geothermal energy as its facilities generate 25% of the county’s total energy production!

虽然地热并不是最广泛使用的能源，但它是目前最有效和最可持续的系统之一，许多最近和不久的将来的项目正在将这种解决方案整合到他们的设计中。冰岛被认为是地热能源的领导者，因为它的设施产生了全国总能源生产的25% !

5. Bioenergy

Bioenergy continues to be one of the most promising yet under-utilized opportunities for green buildings today, and it should be given serious consideration as a practical, renewable, and affordable energy source for green buildings. Furthermore, bioenergy fuel and equipment are produced locally, providing economic benefit to the community in addition to regional ecological value. 

生物能源仍然是当今绿色建筑中最有前途但尚未充分利用的机会之一，它应该被认真考虑作为一种实用的、可再生的和负担得起的绿色建筑能源。此外，生物能源燃料和设备在当地生产，除了区域生态价值外，还为社区提供经济效益。

Biomass is the organic material that comes from plants and animals, and it is a renewable source of energy. Biomass contains stored energy from the sun. When biomass is burned, the chemical energy in biomass is released as heat. It can be burned directly or converted to liquid biofuels or biogas that can be burned as fuels.

生物质是来自植物和动物的有机物质，是一种可再生能源。生物质能包含从太阳储存的能量。当生物质燃烧时，生物质中的化学能以热的形式释放出来。它可以直接燃烧或转化为可作为燃料燃烧的液体生物燃料或沼气。

Villa F by Christoph Hesse Architects in Korbach Germany is the very promising prototype of how bioenergy can be invested in creating a self sufficiently powered community. Besides supporting the use of renewable energies, the project aims to strengthen the local economy. With time all the houses in the village were connected to this model solution of villa F and got benefited as energy operating costs were significantly reduced. 

由Christoph Hesse建筑事务所设计的德国科尔巴赫别墅F是一个非常有前途的原型，它展示了如何投资生物能源来创建一个自给自足的社区。除了支持使用可再生能源外，该项目还旨在加强当地经济。随着时间的推移，村里所有的房子都连接到别墅F的模型解决方案中，并因能源运营成本的显著降低而受益。

The concept to set up self-powered communities was developed through concerned citizens’ initiatives. Through community participation, economic inequality could be regularized providing more affordable housing.

建立自给自足社区的概念是通过有关公民的倡议发展起来的。通过社区参与，经济不平等可以正常化，提供更多负担得起的住房。

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